Best Docker Interview Questions for Freshers & Experienced [2025]

This guide offers 103 Docker interview questions with detailed answers for freshers and experienced professionals in MNC roles. Covering fundamentals, image management, networking, orchestration, security, and AWS integration (ECS, EKS, CodePipeline), it ensures readiness for technical interviews with practical, scalable Docker solutions.

Docker Core Concepts

1. What is Docker, and how does it support DevOps?

Docker is a containerization platform that packages applications with dependencies into lightweight, portable containers. It ensures consistent environments across development, testing, and production, enabling CI/CD with CodePipeline, reducing setup time, and supporting scalable microservices in MNC DevOps pipelines.

2. Why choose Docker over traditional VMs for deployments?

Docker containers share the host OS kernel, making them lightweight and faster than VMs, which require full OS instances. Containers reduce resource usage, enable rapid scaling, and integrate with ECS/EKS for efficient, portable CI/CD in MNC environments.

3. How does Docker ensure container isolation?

Docker uses Linux namespaces for process isolation, cgroups for resource control, and layered filesystems like overlay2. This isolates containers, ensuring secure execution. Monitor with docker inspect, integrate with CloudWatch for scalable, secure MNC deployments.

4. When is Docker Compose used in development?

Docker Compose defines multi-container apps in docker-compose.yml, simplifying local testing of microservices. It manages dependencies, simulates production, and integrates with CodePipeline for CI/CD, monitored with CloudWatch to ensure reliable development workflows in MNC environments.

5. Which components form Docker’s architecture?

• Docker Daemon: Manages containers, images.
• Docker Client: Sends CLI commands.
• Docker Hub/ECR: Stores images.
• Images: Application templates.
• Containers: Running instances.
  Ensures consistent, scalable CI/CD for MNC DevOps pipelines.

6. Who builds and maintains Docker images in a team?

DevOps engineers create images with docker build, tag with docker tag, and push to ECR. Automate with CodePipeline, scan with AWS Inspector, and monitor with CloudWatch to ensure secure, collaborative image management in MNC environments.

7. What causes a container to exit unexpectedly?

Check docker logs for errors, verify resource limits, and inspect Dockerfile CMD/ENTRYPOINT. Ensure proper configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to stabilize containers for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Image Management

8. How do you create an efficient Docker image?

• Use minimal base images (e.g., alpine).
• Remove unnecessary files with .dockerignore.
• Leverage multi-stage builds.
• Scan with AWS Inspector.
• Push to ECR, monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures lightweight, secure images for MNC CI/CD pipelines.

9. Why does a Docker build fail due to dependency issues?

Dependency errors halt builds. Verify Dockerfile RUN commands, update requirements.txt or package.json, and test locally. Automate with CodeBuild, monitor with CloudWatch to ensure consistent, reliable CI/CD builds in MNC environments.

10. What is a multi-stage Docker build?

FROM python:3.9 AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY . .
RUN python build.py

FROM python:3.9-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=builder /app/dist .
CMD ["python", "app.py"]

Reduces image size, ensures efficient CI/CD in MNC environments.

11. When does an image size impact CI/CD performance?

Large images slow pulls and deployments. Use minimal bases, clean temporary files, and leverage multi-stage builds. Store in ECR, monitor with CloudWatch, and deploy via CodePipeline for optimized CI/CD in MNC environments.

12. How do you version Docker images effectively?

Tag images with docker tag my-app:1.0, push to ECR, and use semantic versioning. Automate with CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch, and audit with CloudTrail to ensure organized, traceable CI/CD in MNC environments.

13. Where do you store Docker images securely?

Store images in AWS ECR, push via docker push, and restrict access with IAM policies. Encrypt with KMS, scan with AWS Inspector, and monitor with CloudWatch for secure, collaborative CI/CD in MNC environments.

14. Which practices reduce Docker build times?

• Cache layers with ordered Dockerfile commands.
• Use .dockerignore to exclude files.
• Leverage S3 for dependency caching.
• Monitor build performance with CloudWatch.
  Ensures fast, reliable CI/CD builds in MNC environments.

Docker Networking

15. How do you troubleshoot Docker network connectivity?

Inspect docker network ls, verify bridge/overlay settings, and test with docker exec ping. Check VPC security groups, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD networking in MNC environments.

16. Why can’t a container communicate with another?

Verify network mode, check docker network inspect, and ensure exposed ports in Dockerfile. Test connectivity with docker exec, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to resolve CI/CD issues in MNC environments.

17. What sets up a Docker overlay network?

docker network create -d overlay my-overlay

Use with Swarm or EKS, configure VPC subnets, and monitor with CloudWatch. Ensures scalable, multi-host container communication for CI/CD in MNC environments.

18. When do you use host versus bridge networking?

Bridge networks isolate containers for microservices; host networks use the host’s stack for performance. Configure in docker run, monitor with CloudWatch for compatibility with MNC CI/CD pipelines.

19. How do you expose container ports externally?

EXPOSE 8080

Map with docker run -p 8080:8080, use ALB for traffic routing, and monitor with CloudWatch. Ensures accessible, secure services in MNC CI/CD environments.

20. Which tools monitor Docker network performance?

• CloudWatch for container metrics.
• VPC Flow Logs for traffic analysis.
• X-Ray for request tracing.
• SNS for performance alerts.
  Ensures observable CI/CD networking in MNC environments.

21. Why does a container lose internet access?

Check VPC security groups, verify DNS settings, and inspect docker network. Adjust firewall rules, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD connectivity in MNC environments.

Docker Orchestration

22. How do you deploy Docker containers to ECS?

Define ECS task definitions, push images to ECR, and deploy via CodePipeline. Use ALB for load balancing, monitor with CloudWatch to ensure scalable, orchestrated CI/CD in MNC environments.

23. Why does an ECS task fail to launch?

Verify task definition CPU/memory, check CloudWatch Logs for errors, and ensure IAM roles allow ECR access. Adjust resources, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for stable CI/CD in MNC environments.

24. What scales Docker containers in EKS?

Enable HPA with kubectl autoscale, set resource limits, and use Cluster Autoscaler. Push images to ECR, deploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for scalable CI/CD in MNC Kubernetes environments.

25. When does a Docker Swarm service fail?

Check docker service inspect for errors, verify node availability, and ensure ECR image access. Redeploy with docker service update, monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD in MNC environments.

26. How do you perform rolling updates in Docker Swarm?

docker service update --update-delay 10s --update-parallelism 2 my-service

Test in staging, monitor with CloudWatch, and roll back if needed for seamless CI/CD in MNC Swarm environments.

27. Which strategies optimize EKS orchestration?

• Use node affinity for pod placement.
• Enable HPA for scaling.
• Configure Cluster Autoscaler.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures high-performance CI/CD in MNC Kubernetes environments.

28. Who manages multi-tenant Docker in EKS?

DevOps architects use namespaces for isolation, implement RBAC, and push images to ECR. Automate with CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch, and audit with CloudTrail for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Security

29. How do you secure Docker containers in production?

• Run as non-root user.
• Scan images with AWS Inspector.
• Use minimal base images.
• Limit container privileges.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures secure CI/CD deployments in MNC environments.

30. Why are Docker images vulnerable?

Unpatched images pose risks. Scan with AWS Inspector, use minimal bases, and automate updates in CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch to ensure secure, compliant CI/CD in MNC environments.

31. What manages Docker secrets?

docker secret create my-secret secret.txt

Use Docker secrets in Swarm or Kubernetes secrets in EKS, integrate with Secrets Manager, and monitor with CloudWatch for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

32. When do you enable Docker Content Trust?

Enable DCT with export DOCKER_CONTENT_TRUST=1 to verify image signatures. Push to ECR, automate with CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for trusted CI/CD in MNC environments.

33. How do you limit Docker container resources?

docker run --memory="512m" --cpus="0.5" my-image

Set cgroups, monitor with CloudWatch, and deploy via CodePipeline to prevent resource overuse in MNC CI/CD environments.

34. Which tools audit Docker security?

• AWS Inspector for image scans.
• CloudTrail for API auditing.
• CloudWatch for container metrics.
• CodePipeline for scan integration.
  Ensures secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

35. Why does a container face unauthorized access?

Verify exposed ports, check security groups, and audit IAM roles. Update Dockerfile, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker CI/CD Integration

36. How do you integrate Docker with CodePipeline?

Build images in CodeBuild, push to ECR, and deploy to ECS/EKS via CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch, audit with CloudTrail for automated, scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

37. Why does a Docker pipeline fail in CodeBuild?

Check buildspec.yml for errors, verify Dockerfile syntax, and ensure ECR access. Update dependencies, test locally, and monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD builds in MNC environments.

38. What automates Docker image scanning?

version: 0.2
phases:
  build:
    commands:
      - docker build -t my-image .
      - aws ecr start-image-scan --repository-name my-repo --image-id imageTag=latest

Integrate AWS Inspector in CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

39. When does a Docker pipeline deploy incorrectly?

Verify CodePipeline stages, check ECS task definitions, and ensure environment variables. Update IAM roles, redeploy, and monitor with CloudWatch for accurate CI/CD in MNC environments.

40. How do you implement blue-green deployments with Docker?

Use CodeDeploy with ECS, create green environment, switch ALB traffic, and monitor with CloudWatch. Roll back if needed for zero-downtime CI/CD in MNC environments.

41. Which tools monitor Docker CI/CD performance?

• CloudWatch for pipeline metrics.
• X-Ray for tracing builds.
• SNS for failure alerts.
• CodePipeline for automation.
  Ensures observable CI/CD in MNC environments.

42. Why does a container fail to pull from ECR?

Verify IAM roles, check docker login, and inspect docker pull errors. Update credentials, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Storage

43. How do you provide persistent storage for containers?

docker run -v /data:/app/data my-image

Use volumes or EFS for persistence, integrate with ECS, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD data storage in MNC environments.

44. Why does a container lose data on restart?

Containers are ephemeral. Use volumes or EFS mounts, configure in ECS task definitions, and monitor with CloudWatch. Redeploy via CodePipeline for data integrity in MNC CI/CD environments.

45. What configures Docker volumes for multi-container apps?

version: '3'
services:
  app:
    image: my-app
    volumes:
      - my-volume:/app/data
volumes:
  my-volume:

Deploy to ECS, monitor with CloudWatch for persistent CI/CD in MNC environments.

46. When do you use EFS with Docker?

Use EFS for shared storage in ECS multi-container apps. Mount via task definitions, deploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

47. How do you optimize Docker volume performance?

• Use EFS for shared storage.
• Configure burst credits for throughput.
• Monitor IOPS with CloudWatch.
• Optimize mounts in task definitions.
  Ensures high-performance CI/CD in MNC environments.

48. Which strategies back up container data?

• Use AWS Backup for EFS.
• Schedule via CloudWatch Events.
• Store in S3 for redundancy.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures resilient CI/CD in MNC environments.

49. Why does a volume cause performance issues?

Check EFS IOPS, optimize throughput, and verify mount settings. Adjust task definitions, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for efficient CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Troubleshooting

50. How do you diagnose a container crash?

Check docker logs, verify resource usage with docker stats, and inspect CMD/ENTRYPOINT. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch to stabilize containers in MNC CI/CD environments.

51. Why does a container use excessive CPU?

Analyze docker stats, set --cpus limits, and optimize code. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch to ensure efficient resource usage in MNC CI/CD environments.

52. What causes a Docker build to stall?

Check Dockerfile for large dependencies, verify network, and inspect build logs. Use --no-cache if needed, automate with CodeBuild, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

53. When does a container fail to start in ECS?

Verify task definition resources, check CloudWatch Logs, and ensure ECR access. Adjust configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for stable CI/CD in MNC environments.

54. How do you troubleshoot network latency?

Inspect docker network, check VPC Flow Logs, and test with ping. Adjust security groups, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for low-latency CI/CD in MNC environments.

55. Which logs diagnose container failures?

• docker logs for application errors.
• CloudWatch Logs for ECS/EKS.
• X-Ray for tracing.
• CloudWatch alarms for alerts.
  Ensures effective CI/CD troubleshooting in MNC environments.

56. Why does a service fail health checks in ECS?

Verify ALB health settings, check task definition ports, and analyze CloudWatch Logs. Update configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Advanced Scenarios

57. How do you implement a circuit breaker in Docker microservices?

from resilience4j import CircuitBreaker
import requests
circuit_breaker = CircuitBreaker(failure_threshold=5)
@circuit_breaker
def call_service():
    try:
        return requests.get('http://service:8080')
    except:
        return {"status": "fallback"}

Deploy in ECS, monitor with CloudWatch for fault-tolerant CI/CD in MNC environments.

58. Why use Docker Swarm for small teams?

Swarm offers simple orchestration versus EKS complexity. Deploy with docker service create, monitor with CloudWatch, and automate with CodePipeline for lightweight, efficient CI/CD in MNC environments.

59. What optimizes container startup time?

• Use lightweight bases (e.g., alpine).
• Minimize Dockerfile layers.
• Optimize CMD/ENTRYPOINT.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures fast CI/CD deployments in MNC environments.

60. When do you use Docker for Lambda functions?

Package Lambda functions in Docker images, push to ECR, and deploy via CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch, optimize cold starts for flexible serverless CI/CD in MNC environments.

61. How do you manage Docker image versions?

Tag with docker tag my-app:1.0, push to ECR, and use semantic versioning. Automate with CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch for organized CI/CD in MNC environments.

62. Which logging strategies support Docker CI/CD?

• Use awslogs driver for CloudWatch.
• Configure Fluentd for centralized logging.
• Set CloudWatch retention policies.
• Integrate with CodePipeline.
  Ensures observable CI/CD in MNC environments.

63. Why does a container exhaust memory?

Check docker stats, set --memory limits, and optimize code. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch to prevent crashes in MNC CI/CD environments.

Docker AWS Integration

64. How do you deploy Docker to Fargate?

Define ECS task definitions, push images to ECR, and deploy via CodePipeline. Use Fargate for serverless, monitor with CloudWatch, and scale with Auto Scaling for scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

65. Why does an EKS pod fail to pull images?

Verify IAM roles, check Kubernetes secrets, and analyze kubectl describe pod. Update credentials, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

66. What integrates Docker with CodeBuild?

version: 0.2
phases:
  build:
    commands:
      - docker build -t my-image .
      - aws ecr get-login-password | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin my-ecr-repo
      - docker push my-ecr-repo:latest

Automates Docker builds, monitors with CloudWatch for CI/CD in MNC environments.

67. When do you choose ECS over EKS?

ECS simplifies AWS-native container management; EKS suits complex Kubernetes workloads. Deploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch for optimal CI/CD in MNC environments.

68. How do you secure Docker in ECS?

• Use IAM roles for tasks.
• Scan images with AWS Inspector.
• Configure security groups.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

69. Which tools monitor Docker in EKS?

• CloudWatch Container Insights for metrics.
• X-Ray for tracing.
• Kubernetes events in CloudWatch.
• CodePipeline for automation.
  Ensures observable CI/CD in MNC environments.

70. Why does a Docker job fail in AWS Batch?

Check job definition resources, verify IAM roles, and analyze CloudWatch Logs. Adjust configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Performance

71. How do you optimize container CPU usage?

Set --cpus limits, optimize code, and monitor with docker stats and CloudWatch. Redeploy via CodePipeline to ensure efficient CI/CD performance in MNC environments.

72. Why does a container have high disk I/O?

Check volume settings, optimize EFS IOPS, and monitor with CloudWatch. Adjust mounts, redeploy via CodePipeline for efficient CI/CD storage in MNC environments.

73. What improves image pull performance?

Use ECR with CloudFront caching, optimize VPC endpoints, and monitor with CloudWatch. Automate pulls in CodePipeline for fast CI/CD in MNC environments.

74. When do containers cause network bottlenecks?

Inspect docker network, verify VPC Flow Logs, and optimize security groups. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch for low-latency CI/CD in MNC environments.

75. How do you scale containers for traffic spikes?

• Enable ECS Auto Scaling with CloudWatch.
• Use ALB for load balancing.
• Optimize task definitions.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

76. Which metrics monitor container performance?

• CPU/memory with CloudWatch.
• docker stats for real-time data.
• X-Ray for tracing.
• SNS for alerts.
  Ensures performant CI/CD in MNC environments.

77. Why does a Docker app respond slowly?

Analyze CloudWatch metrics, optimize code, and adjust resources. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch to restore CI/CD performance in MNC environments.

Docker Security and Compliance

78. How do you ensure Docker HIPAA compliance?

• Encrypt data with KMS.
• Restrict access with IAM roles.
• Audit with CloudTrail.
• Scan images with AWS Inspector.
  Ensures compliant CI/CD in MNC environments.

79. Why is a container vulnerable to escalation?

Check for root user, verify capabilities with docker inspect. Run as non-root, scan with AWS Inspector, and redeploy via CodePipeline for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

80. What audits Docker container activity?

Enable CloudTrail for API calls, monitor events with CloudWatch, and integrate with CodePipeline. Use AWS Config for compliance checks in MNC CI/CD environments.

81. When do you rotate Docker secrets?

Use Secrets Manager for automated rotation, integrate with ECS/EKS, and monitor with CloudWatch. Redeploy via CodePipeline for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

82. How do you prevent container breakouts?

• Use AppArmor or SELinux.
• Restrict syscalls with seccomp.
• Run as non-root.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

83. Which tools secure Docker images?

• AWS Inspector for scans.
• DCT for image signing.
• IAM for ECR access.
• CloudWatch for monitoring.
  Ensures secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Multi-Container Scenarios

84. How do you manage multi-container apps?

version: '3'
services:
  web:
    image: my-app
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
  db:
    image: mysql
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mysecret

Deploy to ECS, monitor with CloudWatch for scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

85. Why do multi-container apps fail to communicate?

Verify docker-compose.yml network settings, check service links, and test with docker exec. Adjust configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

86. What orchestrates multi-container apps?

Use ECS or EKS, define task/pod definitions, and deploy via CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch, scale with Auto Scaling for robust CI/CD in MNC environments.

87. When is Docker Swarm suitable for multi-container apps?

Use Swarm for simple orchestration, configure with docker service create, and monitor with CloudWatch. Deploy via CodePipeline for lightweight CI/CD in MNC environments.

88. How do you secure multi-container communication?

• Use overlay networks for isolation.
• Configure security groups.
• Encrypt traffic with TLS.
• Monitor with CloudWatch.
  Ensures secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Advanced Integration

89. How do you integrate Docker with App Mesh?

Configure App Mesh with ECS/EKS, define proxies in task definitions, and deploy via CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch, trace with X-Ray for observable CI/CD in MNC environments.

90. Why does a Docker job fail in AWS Batch?

Check job resources, verify IAM roles, and analyze CloudWatch Logs. Adjust configurations, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

91. What uses Docker with Step Functions?

{
  "StartAt": "Build",
  "States": {
    "Build": {
      "Type": "Task",
      "Resource": "arn:aws:states:::codebuild:startBuild.sync",
      "Next": "Deploy"
    },
    "Deploy": {
      "Type": "Task",
      "Resource": "arn:aws:states:::ecs:runTask.sync",
      "End": true
    }
  }
}

Orchestrates Docker CI/CD in MNC environments.

92. When do you use Docker with Lambda?

Package Lambda functions in Docker images, push to ECR, and deploy via CodePipeline. Monitor with CloudWatch for flexible serverless CI/CD in MNC environments.

93. How do you implement GitOps with Docker?

Use ArgoCD to sync Docker manifests from CodeCommit, deploy to EKS via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch. Audit with CloudTrail for declarative CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Code-Based Scenarios

94. How do you create a Dockerfile for Python?

FROM python:3.9-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY . .
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["python", "app.py"]

Ensures reliable CI/CD builds in MNC environments.

95. What configures Docker Compose for ECS?

version: '3'
services:
  app:
    image: my-ecr-repo:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - AWS_REGION=us-east-1
  db:
    image: mysql:latest
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mysecret

Deploys to ECS for scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

96. Why use a .dockerignore file?

node_modules
.git
*.log

Excludes unnecessary files, reduces image size, and improves CI/CD efficiency in MNC environments.

97. How do you define a Kubernetes pod with Docker?

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: my-app
spec:
  containers:
  - name: app
    image: my-ecr-repo:latest
    ports:
    - containerPort: 8080

Deploys to EKS for scalable CI/CD in MNC environments.

98. What runs a Docker container in ECS?

family: my-app
containerDefinitions:
  - name: app
    image: my-ecr-repo:latest
    cpu: 256
    memory: 512
    portMappings:
      - containerPort: 8080

Ensures reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

99. Which code secures an ECS task?

family: secure-app
containerDefinitions:
  - name: app
    image: my-ecr-repo:latest
    cpu: 256
    memory: 512
    secrets:
      - name: DB_PASSWORD
        valueFrom: arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-1:123456789012:secret:my-secret

Uses Secrets Manager for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.

Docker Multi-Region and Compliance

100. How do you deploy Docker across regions?

Use ECS with CloudFormation StackSets, push images to ECR, and route with Route 53. Monitor with CloudWatch, deploy via CodePipeline for resilient CI/CD in MNC environments.

101. Why does a multi-region Docker deployment fail?

Check CloudWatch Logs for errors, verify ECR replication, and test Route 53. Redeploy via CodePipeline, monitor with CloudWatch for reliable CI/CD in MNC environments.

102. What ensures GDPR compliance for Docker?

• Encrypt data with KMS.
• Restrict access with IAM roles.
• Audit with CloudTrail.
• Scan images with AWS Inspector.
  Ensures compliant CI/CD in MNC environments.

103. How do you handle a Docker container breach?

Isolate with security groups, analyze CloudTrail logs, and scan with AWS Inspector. Patch vulnerabilities, redeploy via CodePipeline, and monitor with CloudWatch for secure CI/CD in MNC environments.