OPA FAQs Asked in DevOps & Cloud Interviews [2025]

Core OPA Concepts

1. What is Open Policy Agent (OPA) and its purpose?

• Open-source policy engine for cloud-native systems.
• Enforces policies as code for governance.
• Uses Rego for declarative policy definitions.
• Integrates with Kubernetes, Terraform, and APIs.
• Ensures real-time compliance and security.
• Centralizes policy management across systems.
• Scales for multi-cloud and microservices.

2. Why is OPA critical for DevOps?

OPA automates policy enforcement in DevOps, ensuring compliance and security across CI/CD pipelines, Kubernetes, and cloud systems. Its integration with modern tools reduces manual oversight, enabling scalable governance in dynamic environments.

3. When should organizations adopt OPA?

• When scaling cloud-native applications.
• For Kubernetes resource governance.
• During CI/CD pipeline automation.
• When enforcing compliance dynamically.
• For microservices security policies.
• In multi-cloud for unified governance.
• When manual checks are inefficient.

4. Where does OPA fit in a DevOps pipeline?

OPA integrates into DevOps pipelines at code commit, build, test, and deployment stages, enforcing policies to validate configurations, ensure security, and maintain compliance throughout the software lifecycle.

It works with tools like Jenkins and Terraform to automate governance, reducing risks and ensuring consistency across environments.

5. Who benefits most from OPA in DevOps teams?

• DevOps engineers for pipeline automation.
• Security teams for compliance enforcement.
• Platform engineers for infrastructure governance.
• Developers for application policies.
• Compliance officers for regulatory checks.
• Operations for system reliability.
• Stakeholders for governance alignment.

6. Which systems integrate with OPA for policy enforcement?

OPA integrates with Kubernetes, Terraform, Jenkins, Istio, and API gateways to enforce policies across cloud-native and DevOps systems, ensuring security and compliance at scale.

7. How does OPA use Rego for policy evaluation?

• Rego processes JSON/YAML inputs.
• Rules define allow/deny decisions.
• Evaluates policies in real time.
• Supports complex logic with functions.
• Enables modular policy structures.
• Provides debugging with clear outputs.
• Integrates with external data sources.

Learn how policy-as-code tools enhance governance.

8. What are the main components of an OPA policy?

• Package declaration for policy scope.
• Rules defining decision logic.
• Input data in JSON/YAML format.
• External data for contextual decisions.
• Default values for undefined cases.
• Functions for custom policy logic.
• Queries for policy evaluation outcomes.

9. Why is Rego essential for OPA?

Rego’s declarative syntax allows precise, scalable policy definitions, enabling OPA to handle complex governance scenarios across cloud-native systems with minimal code and high flexibility.

Its logic-based structure supports modularity, debugging, and integration with external data, making it ideal for dynamic environments.

10. When is OPA preferred over traditional policy tools?

• For dynamic, context-aware authorization.
• In Kubernetes for resource governance.
• When scaling microservices security.
• For CI/CD compliance automation.
• In multi-cloud for unified policies.
• When traditional RBAC is rigid.
• For real-time policy enforcement.

OPA in Cloud-Native Environments

11. What is OPA’s role in Kubernetes governance?

• Acts as an admission controller.
• Validates pod security configurations.
• Enforces resource quotas and limits.
• Prevents unauthorized resource access.
• Integrates with Kubernetes API.
• Ensures compliance across clusters.
• Reduces manual oversight.

12. Why is OPA suitable for microservices?

OPA’s lightweight design and integration with service meshes like Istio make it ideal for enforcing authorization, security, and compliance policies across distributed microservices, ensuring scalable governance.

13. When does OPA enhance CI/CD security?

• During code commits for validation.
• In build stages for configurations.
• Before deployments for compliance.
• For IaC security with Terraform.
• When automating security scans.
• For organizational policy checks.
• During real-time feedback loops.

14. Where does OPA apply in multi-cloud setups?

OPA enforces policies across AWS, Azure, and GCP, ensuring consistent governance, security, and compliance in multi-cloud environments through integrations with Kubernetes and CI/CD tools.

It validates resources, monitors compliance, and scales across distributed systems for unified policy management.

15. Who manages OPA policies in DevOps?

• DevOps engineers for pipelines.
• Platform teams for infrastructure.
• Security specialists for compliance.
• Developers for application rules.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Operations for system governance.
• Cross-functional teams for alignment.

Explore multi-cloud deployments with OPA.

16. Which OPA features secure cloud-native apps?

• Real-time policy evaluation.
• Rego for custom security rules.
• Kubernetes integration for clusters.
• Service mesh for communication security.
• API gateways for runtime controls.
• Scalability for large workloads.
• Automated compliance checks.

17. How does OPA ensure compliance in DevOps?

OPA automates compliance by validating code, infrastructure, and deployments against policies, providing audit trails and real-time enforcement to meet regulatory and organizational standards.

18. What are the benefits of OPA in Kubernetes?

• Ensures pod security compliance.
• Enforces resource limits.
• Prevents unauthorized resource creation.
• Validates configurations dynamically.
• Integrates with Kubernetes API.
• Reduces manual cluster management.
• Scales for large clusters.

19. Why should teams test OPA policies?

Testing OPA policies prevents errors, misconfigurations, and unintended denials in production, ensuring compliance, security, and reliability through validated, scalable policy logic.

It also supports team collaboration and automated testing in CI/CD workflows.

20. When does OPA evaluate policies?

• During Kubernetes admission control.
• In CI/CD for validation checks.
• At API gateways for runtime.
• During IaC provisioning.
• When querying external data.
• For real-time authorization.
• During monitoring workflows.

Rego Policy Writing

21. What is the structure of a Rego policy?

• Package declaration sets scope.
• Rules define decision logic.
• Input data in JSON/YAML.
• External data for context.
• Default values for undefined cases.
• Functions for custom logic.
• Queries for policy outcomes.

22. Why is modularity important in Rego?

Modularity in Rego enables reusable, maintainable policies, simplifying updates, debugging, and collaboration while ensuring scalability across complex cloud-native systems.

23. When should external data be used in Rego?

• For real-time API data.
• When integrating monitoring tools.
• For external compliance rules.
• During dynamic authorization.
• When scaling across regions.
• For context-aware security.
• When internal data is insufficient.

24. Where are OPA policies stored?

OPA policies are stored in Git for version control, enabling collaboration, change tracking, and auditability across teams in DevOps and cloud environments.

Platforms like GitHub or GitLab support integrated workflows for policy management.

25. Who writes Rego policies?

• DevOps engineers for pipelines.
• Platform teams for infrastructure.
• Security specialists for compliance.
• Developers for application rules.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Operations for system policies.
• Teams for collaborative policies.

26. Which Rego functions are commonly used?

Common Rego functions like `input`, `data`, `regex.match`, `contains`, and `object.get` enable complex logic for policy evaluation, such as string matching and data retrieval.

27. How do you debug a Rego policy?

• Use `opa eval` for testing.
• Enable trace for execution logs.
• Test with sample inputs.
• Review syntax error messages.
• Break policies into smaller units.
• Use logging for runtime insights.
• Validate against expected outputs.

Discover how SREs contribute to DevOps with OPA.

28. What are best practices for writing Rego policies?

• Keep policies modular and reusable.
• Use clear, descriptive rule names.
• Test policies with sample inputs.
• Optimize for evaluation performance.
• Document policies for collaboration.
• Leverage version control systems.
• Validate against edge cases.

29. Why is Rego’s declarative syntax valuable?

Rego’s declarative syntax simplifies policy creation, supports complex logic, and enhances maintainability, making it ideal for scalable governance in cloud-native environments.

It reduces coding errors and improves readability for teams.

30. When should you modularize Rego policies?

• For reusable policy components.
• When scaling complex systems.
• To simplify policy updates.
• For team collaboration needs.
• When debugging large policies.
• For maintaining policy consistency.
• During CI/CD integration.

OPA Integrations and Use Cases

31. What is OPA’s role in service meshes?

• Enforces service-to-service authorization.
• Integrates with Istio for traffic control.
• Manages runtime security policies.
• Supports rate-limiting rules.
• Ensures compliance across services.
• Scales for microservices governance.
• Logs violations for monitoring.

32. Why is OPA used for IaC governance?

OPA validates infrastructure-as-code configurations, ensuring compliance with security and organizational standards before deployment, automating governance and reducing risks.

33. When does OPA improve API gateway security?

• For runtime authorization checks.
• When enforcing rate-limiting policies.
• For compliance with security standards.
• During dynamic access control.
• For gateways like Kong or Envoy.
• When scaling API traffic.
• For auditing API access logs.

34. Where does OPA enforce microservices policies?

OPA enforces policies at service boundaries, API gateways, and service meshes, ensuring secure communication, authentication, and compliance in microservices architectures.

It integrates with tools like Istio for traffic control and monitoring.

35. Who uses OPA for compliance automation?

• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Security teams for policy enforcement.
• DevOps for pipeline compliance.
• Platform teams for infrastructure rules.
• Developers for application policies.
• Operations for system governance.
• Stakeholders for audit trails.

36. Which OPA features support real-time evaluation?

OPA’s lightweight engine, Rego’s declarative logic, and external data integration enable real-time policy evaluation for dynamic, context-aware decisions in cloud systems.

37. How does OPA handle policy conflicts?

• Evaluates rules in defined order.
• Uses defaults for undefined cases.
• Prioritizes specific rules.
• Logs conflicts for debugging.
• Supports modular rule design.
• Enables testing for conflicts.
• Provides error resolution clarity.

Learn how service meshes enhance microservices with OPA.

38. What are OPA’s benefits for Kubernetes security?

• Enforces pod security standards.
• Validates resource quotas.
• Prevents untrusted image usage.
• Ensures namespace-specific rules.
• Integrates with admission controllers.
• Provides audit logs for compliance.
• Scales for large clusters.

39. Why is OPA integration with Terraform valuable?

OPA validates Terraform configurations for compliance, automating security checks and ensuring consistent infrastructure governance in cloud-native environments.

It reduces manual reviews and scales for large IaC deployments.

40. When does OPA support dynamic policy updates?

• For new compliance requirements.
• During system or app upgrades.
• When addressing security threats.
• For scaling infrastructure dynamically.
• During runtime policy adjustments.
• For configuration validation.
• When adding new services.

OPA Troubleshooting and Optimization

41. What are common Rego policy errors?

• Syntax mistakes cause failures.
• Inefficient queries slow performance.
• Missing defaults create ambiguity.
• Complex rules impact scalability.
• Untested policies cause errors.
• Poor modularity hinders maintenance.
• Lack of documentation affects collaboration.

42. Why do OPA policies fail in production?

OPA policies fail due to untested rules, integration misconfigurations, or unexpected inputs, which can be mitigated through rigorous testing and monitoring in DevOps workflows.

43. When should you update OPA policies?

• For new regulatory requirements.
• During infrastructure upgrades.
• When addressing security threats.
• For new application deployments.
• After audit-identified gaps.
• When performance issues arise.
• During process changes.

44. Where can you monitor OPA performance?

OPA performance is monitored using Prometheus, OPA logs, or observability platforms, tracking evaluation latency, errors, and policy violations for optimization.

Dashboards and alerts provide real-time insights into compliance.

45. Who troubleshoots OPA issues?

• DevOps for pipeline issues.
• Platform teams for infrastructure.
• Security specialists for compliance.
• Developers for application policies.
• Operations for performance monitoring.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Cross-functional teams for complex issues.

46. Which metrics track OPA performance?

Key metrics include evaluation latency, violation rates, error rates, and resource usage, ensuring efficient policy execution and system reliability in cloud environments.

47. How do you scale OPA for high traffic?

• Optimize Rego for fast evaluation.
• Use caching for frequent queries.
• Deploy sidecars for low latency.
• Leverage load balancing for traffic.
• Scale instances with Kubernetes.
• Monitor performance bottlenecks.
• Optimize external data queries.

Learn about avoiding over-automation pitfalls with OPA.

48. What are challenges of OPA in CI/CD?

• Complex policies slow pipelines.
• Integration requires reconfiguration.
• Testing needs sample data.
• Scalability demands efficient design.
• Debugging Rego requires expertise.
• Version control ensures consistency.
• Team training is essential.

49. Why is OPA’s caching mechanism important?

OPA’s caching reduces latency for frequent queries, improving performance and scalability in high-traffic cloud-native systems, critical for real-time policy enforcement.

50. When does OPA prevent configuration drift?

• During IaC validation.
• In CI/CD for consistency.
• When scaling environments.
• For Kubernetes resource alignment.
• During monitoring for drift.
• When enforcing compliance.
• For real-time configuration checks.

OPA in Real-World Scenarios

51. What are OPA’s use cases in security?

• Enforces RBAC in Kubernetes.
• Validates container image security.
• Ensures GDPR/HIPAA compliance.
• Secures microservices communication.
• Manages API authentication policies.
• Prevents unauthorized resource access.
• Automates security audits.

52. Why is OPA valuable for compliance?

OPA automates compliance checks, provides audit trails, and enforces policies across systems, reducing manual efforts and ensuring regulatory adherence in DevOps workflows.

It scales for complex environments and integrates with monitoring tools.

53. When does OPA support incident response?

• For automated incident detection.
• When triggering policy alerts.
• During remediation enforcement.
• For logging incident audits.
• When integrating with monitoring.
• For rapid response automation.
• When scaling incident handling.

54. Where does OPA integrate with container registries?

OPA integrates with container registries to enforce image security and compliance policies, validating images before deployment in cloud-native environments.

55. Who uses OPA for incident automation?

• DevOps for pipeline responses.
• SREs for system reliability.
• Security teams for incident policies.
• Operations for monitoring alerts.
• Compliance officers for logs.
• Platform teams for infrastructure.
• Developers for application incidents.

56. Which OPA policies secure microservices?

OPA policies for microservices include authentication, authorization, and rate-limiting rules, ensuring secure communication and compliance across distributed services.

57. How does OPA ensure environment parity?

• Validates configurations across environments.
• Enforces Kubernetes resource consistency.
• Checks IaC for alignment.
• Prevents configuration drift.
• Ensures compliance across stages.
• Reduces deployment errors.
• Integrates with monitoring tools.

Learn how DORA metrics evaluate DevOps with OPA.

58. What is OPA’s role in incident management?

• Automates incident policy enforcement.
• Triggers alerts for violations.
• Enforces remediation actions.
• Logs incidents for audits.
• Integrates with monitoring tools.
• Reduces manual incident efforts.
• Scales for large systems.

59. Why is OPA effective for real-time authorization?

OPA’s lightweight engine and Rego’s declarative logic enable fast, context-aware authorization decisions, ideal for dynamic cloud-native and microservices environments.

It integrates with external data for real-time policy enforcement.

60. When does OPA help cost optimization?

• Enforcing Kubernetes resource quotas.
• Validating IaC for efficiency.
• Preventing cloud over-provisioning.
• Optimizing container resource usage.
• For budget-driven policies.
• During cost monitoring checks.
• When scaling resources dynamically.

OPA in Enterprise Environments

61. What are OPA’s enterprise benefits?

• Centralized policy management.
• Automates compliance and security.
• Scales for distributed systems.
• Integrates with enterprise tools.
• Reduces manual governance efforts.
• Provides audit trails for compliance.
• Supports multi-cloud environments.

62. Why is OPA adoption growing in enterprises?

OPA’s flexibility, scalability, and integration with cloud-native tools like Kubernetes and Terraform drive its adoption, addressing complex governance needs in enterprises.

63. When should enterprises use OPA for access control?

• For fine-grained Kubernetes RBAC.
• When managing microservices access.
• For dynamic, context-aware policies.
• During API authorization checks.
• When scaling access controls.
• For real-time authorization.
• When traditional RBAC is insufficient.

64. Where does OPA add value in hybrid clouds?

OPA enforces consistent policies across on-premises and cloud environments, ensuring security, compliance, and governance in hybrid cloud setups.

It integrates with Kubernetes and CI/CD for unified management.

65. Who manages OPA in enterprises?

• Platform teams for infrastructure.
• DevOps for pipeline governance.
• Security specialists for compliance.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Developers for application policies.
• Operations for system reliability.
• Stakeholders for governance.

66. Which OPA deployment model suits enterprises?

Standalone servers are ideal for centralized enterprise policy management, while sidecar models suit distributed microservices, ensuring scalability and flexibility.

67. How does OPA support enterprise audits?

• Logs policy evaluations for audits.
• Tracks violations for compliance.
• Automates regulatory checks.
• Integrates with monitoring tools.
• Provides audit trails for traceability.
• Scales for large compliance needs.
• Reduces manual audit efforts.

Discover how trunk-based development aligns with OPA.

68. What is OPA’s role in financial compliance?

• Enforces PCI-DSS compliance.
• Validates data access policies.
• Provides audit logs for reviews.
• Automates security checks.
• Scales for financial systems.
• Ensures real-time compliance.
• Integrates with monitoring tools.

69. Why is OPA critical for healthcare compliance?

OPA enforces HIPAA-compliant policies, validates data privacy, and automates audits, ensuring secure handling of sensitive healthcare data in cloud-native systems.

70. When does OPA enhance multi-tenant governance?

• For tenant-specific access controls.
• When isolating tenant resources.
• During configuration compliance checks.
• For scaling multi-tenant systems.
• In Kubernetes for tenancy rules.
• For audit logs of tenant activity.
• Ensuring consistent tenant governance.

OPA Advanced Scenarios

71. What are OPA’s benefits for CI/CD automation?

• Validates code for compliance.
• Ensures secure build configurations.
• Prevents non-compliant deployments.
• Reduces manual review efforts.
• Integrates with CI/CD tools.
• Scales for large pipelines.
• Provides developer feedback.

72. Why is OPA integration with monitoring valuable?

OPA’s integration with monitoring tools like Prometheus enables real-time violation detection, performance tracking, and compliance alerts, enhancing governance visibility.

It ensures rapid response to policy issues in cloud systems.

73. When does OPA improve deployment reliability?

• During IaC validation for consistency.
• In CI/CD for deployment checks.
• When preventing configuration drift.
• For Kubernetes resource validation.
• During monitoring for errors.
• When scaling deployments.
• For production compliance.

74. Where does OPA enforce serverless policies?

OPA enforces policies in serverless architectures at function triggers, API endpoints, and resource configurations, ensuring security and compliance in event-driven systems.

75. Who benefits from OPA’s audit logging?

• Compliance officers for audits.
• Security teams for violation tracking.
• Auditors for policy reviews.
• DevOps for pipeline monitoring.
• Operations for system insights.
• Platform teams for governance.
• Stakeholders for compliance reports.

76. Which OPA features support GDPR compliance?

OPA’s data access policies, audit logging, and real-time evaluation ensure GDPR compliance by securing data privacy and automating regulatory checks in cloud systems.

77. How does OPA integrate with Jenkins?

• Embeds policy checks in pipelines.
• Validates code for compliance.
• Ensures secure build configurations.
• Prevents non-compliant deployments.
• Provides developer feedback.
• Scales for large pipelines.
• Logs violations for audits.

Explore Jenkins vs. GitHub Actions for OPA integration.

78. What are steps to test an OPA policy?

• Create JSON/YAML sample inputs.
• Use `opa eval` for testing.
• Review outputs for accuracy.
• Debug errors with OPA tools.
• Test edge cases for robustness.
• Integrate tests in CI/CD.
• Log errors for debugging.

79. Why is OPA effective for disaster recovery?

OPA enforces backup policies, validates resource redundancy, and ensures compliance during recovery, minimizing risks and downtime in cloud-native disaster scenarios.

It integrates with monitoring for rapid response automation.

80. When does OPA support cross-team collaboration?

• When sharing policies via Git.
• During collaborative policy reviews.
• For CI/CD policy integration.
• When aligning security teams.
• During compliance audits.
• For cross-functional governance.
• When scaling policy management.

OPA for Cloud Interviews

81. What is an example OPA policy for Kubernetes?

• Enforces pod label requirements.
• Restricts privileged containers.
• Validates CPU/memory limits.
• Ensures namespace-specific rules.
• Prevents untrusted registries.
• Logs violations for audits.
• Integrates with admission controllers.

82. Why is OPA used for container image validation?

OPA validates container images for security and compliance, ensuring only trusted images are deployed, reducing vulnerabilities in cloud-native environments.

83. When does OPA enforce API gateway policies?

• For runtime authorization checks.
• When enforcing rate-limiting rules.
• For compliance with security standards.
• During dynamic access control.
• For gateways like Kong or Envoy.
• When scaling API traffic.
• For auditing API access.

84. Where does OPA improve compliance in DevOps?

OPA improves compliance across CI/CD pipelines, Kubernetes clusters, and microservices by automating policy checks and providing audit trails for regulatory adherence.

It ensures consistent governance in distributed systems.

85. Who uses OPA for cloud-native security?

• DevOps for pipeline security.
• Security teams for compliance.
• Platform engineers for infrastructure.
• Developers for application policies.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Operations for system reliability.
• Stakeholders for governance assurance.

86. Which OPA integrations are key for cloud interviews?

Key integrations include Kubernetes, Terraform, Jenkins, and Istio, as they demonstrate OPA’s ability to enforce policies across cloud-native and DevOps systems.

87. How does OPA support multi-cloud governance?

• Enforces policies across AWS, Azure, GCP.
• Validates cloud configurations.
• Integrates with multi-cloud tools.
• Ensures consistent security.
• Scales for cloud resources.
• Reduces governance complexity.
• Automates cloud compliance checks.

Learn how automated incident response complements OPA.

88. What are OPA’s benefits for microservices?

• Enforces service authorization policies.
• Integrates with service meshes.
• Scales for distributed services.
• Handles runtime security decisions.
• Ensures decentralized policy enforcement.
• Reduces governance complexity.
• Supports compliance across services.

89. Why is OPA valuable for cloud architects?

OPA enables cloud architects to enforce scalable, consistent policies across multi-cloud and Kubernetes environments, ensuring governance, security, and compliance in complex systems.

It simplifies policy management and automates compliance tasks.

90. When does OPA enhance security interviews?

• For Kubernetes security questions.
• When discussing microservices authorization.
• During compliance automation scenarios.
• For IaC security validation.
• In API gateway security discussions.
• For multi-cloud governance queries.
• When addressing real-time policies.

OPA for DevOps Interviews

91. What is OPA’s role in pipeline automation?

• Validates code for compliance.
• Ensures secure build configurations.
• Prevents non-compliant deployments.
• Integrates with CI/CD tools.
• Provides developer feedback.
• Scales for large pipelines.
• Logs violations for audits.

92. Why is OPA integration with Kubernetes critical?

OPA’s Kubernetes integration enforces resource security, validates configurations, and ensures compliance, making it critical for scalable, secure cluster management in DevOps.

93. When does OPA support compliance interviews?

• For regulatory policy enforcement.
• During audit automation discussions.
• In CI/CD compliance scenarios.
• When validating IaC configurations.
• For Kubernetes compliance checks.
• In monitoring for violations.
• During multi-cloud governance talks.

94. Where does OPA apply in cloud-native interviews?

OPA applies in cloud-native interviews for Kubernetes governance, CI/CD automation, microservices security, and multi-cloud policy enforcement, showcasing governance expertise.

It demonstrates scalability and compliance in dynamic systems.

95. Who benefits from OPA in DevOps interviews?

• DevOps engineers for pipeline skills.
• Security specialists for compliance.
• Platform engineers for infrastructure.
• Developers for application policies.
• Compliance officers for regulations.
• Operations for system reliability.
• Candidates for technical roles.

96. Which OPA skills are tested in interviews?

Interviewers test Rego policy writing, Kubernetes integration, CI/CD automation, compliance enforcement, and troubleshooting skills to evaluate OPA expertise in DevOps and cloud roles.

97. How does OPA compare to other policy engines?

• Declarative Rego for flexibility.
• Integrates with cloud-native tools.
• Supports real-time evaluation.
• Scales for distributed systems.
• Automates compliance checks.
• Reduces manual governance efforts.
• Outperforms rigid legacy engines.

Explore environment parity with OPA for consistency.

98. What are OPA’s benefits for DevOps teams?

• Automates policy enforcement.
• Ensures pipeline compliance.
• Reduces manual oversight.
• Scales for large workflows.
• Integrates with DevOps tools.
• Provides audit trails.
• Enhances team efficiency.

99. Why is OPA critical for cloud interviews?

OPA’s ability to enforce policies across Kubernetes, CI/CD, and multi-cloud systems makes it critical for cloud interviews, showcasing governance and security expertise.

It demonstrates proficiency in scalable, automated policy management.

100. When does OPA enhance DevOps interview performance?

• For pipeline automation questions.
• When discussing Kubernetes governance.
• In compliance and security scenarios.
• For multi-cloud policy discussions.
• During IaC validation queries.
• For real-time policy enforcement.
• In troubleshooting and optimization talks.